The historical course of criminology and schools of criminology. Especially the formative school, the psychoanalytic school and the sociological school.
Introduction: A Social Lens on Crime Criminology, the scientific study of crime and criminal behavior, has long drawn upon various theoretical frameworks to explain why individuals deviate from social norms. Among these, Symbolic Interactionism offers a unique and deeply sociological perspective. Rather than viewing crime purely through biological or structural lenses, Symbolic Interactionism emphasizes the…
Introduction In the realm of criminology, understanding the social processes that shape and influence criminal behavior is essential for developing effective justice policies. One of the most significant frameworks in this context is Stigma Theory, which explores how societal reactions to deviance—particularly through labeling—can profoundly impact individuals’ identities, behaviors, and life outcomes. Rooted in the…
Introduction Deviance remains one of the most crucial topics in criminology and sociology. It provides insight into why individuals engage in behaviors that society deems unacceptable, how such behaviors develop over time, and how individuals and groups are labeled and treated as a result. One of the most influential contributions to the understanding of deviance…
Introduction Criminology, as we know it today, was not always recognized as a formal academic field. Its roots stretch back to the 19th century when the world began to explore crime not only as a moral failing but as a scientific phenomenon. At the heart of this evolution was Cesare Lombroso, an Italian physician and…
Introduction The study of criminology has undergone profound transformations over centuries, transitioning from philosophical musings to a scientifically grounded discipline. At the heart of this transformation stands Cesare Lombroso, often referred to as the “father of modern criminology.” His revolutionary approach, which applied scientific methods to the study of crime and criminals, challenged traditional perspectives…
Introduction to Classical Criminology Theory Crime has been a central issue for societies throughout history, leading to the development of various theories to understand and control it. One of the most influential criminological perspectives is Classical Criminology Theory, which emerged in the 18th century Enlightenment Era as a response to the arbitrary and often brutal…
Introduction to Classical Criminology Theory Classical criminology theory is a framework in criminology that emerged in the 18th century as a response to arbitrary and harsh criminal justice systems. It is based on the principles of free will, rational choice, and deterrence. This theory emphasizes that individuals commit crimes as a result of rational decision-making,…
Who is Cesare Lombroso? Cesare Lombroso, often regarded as “The Father of Criminology,” was an Italian physician and criminologist who revolutionized the study of criminal behavior in the 19th century. His groundbreaking theories on criminal anthropology laid the foundation for modern criminology, introducing the idea that criminal tendencies could be biologically determined. Why is Cesare…
Introduction to Criminology and Its Historical Development Criminology, the scientific study of crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system, has evolved significantly over centuries. Understanding its historical development provides valuable insights into how societies have approached crime and justice. From early supernatural explanations to modern technological advancements, the history of criminology reflects broader social,…
Introduction: The Psychoanalytic School and the Realistic Psychological School Criminology, the study of crime and criminal behavior, is a multidisciplinary field that draws from psychology, sociology, and law. Two of the most influential psychological schools in criminology are the Psychoanalytic School, which emphasizes the unconscious mind and internal conflicts, and the Realistic Psychological School, which…