What Is Conflict Theory? Understanding Crime and Power in Society

Illustration representing cultural conflict in criminology, highlighting opposing social forces and inequality, with symbolic references to Karl Marx's class struggle theory.

Introduction To Conflict Theory Conflict Theory is one of the most influential perspectives in the field of criminology. Rooted in sociological thought, particularly the ideas of Karl Marx, Conflict Theory suggests that crime is a product of social and economic inequality. It argues that laws and justice systems are tools used by powerful groups to … Read more

Symbolic Interactionism in Criminology: Crime & Social Symbols

Illustration representing symbolic interactionism in criminology, showing human profiles, crime symbols like handcuffs, gavel, and a labeled figure to highlight how social symbols and interactions shape criminal identity.

Introduction: A Social Lens on Crime Criminology, the scientific study of crime and criminal behavior, has long drawn upon various theoretical frameworks to explain why individuals deviate from social norms. Among these, Symbolic Interactionism offers a unique and deeply sociological perspective. Rather than viewing crime purely through biological or structural lenses, Symbolic Interactionism emphasizes the … Read more

What Is Labeling Theory?

Labeling Theory illustration in criminology

Introduction to Labeling Theory Labeling Theory is one of the foundational perspectives in sociology and criminology that examines how the labels assigned to individuals—especially those engaged in deviant or criminal behavior—shape their identity and social interactions. This theory shifts focus from the deviant act itself to the reaction of society and how such responses influence … Read more

The Role of Robert Merton in Criminology: Strain Theory

Illustration summarizing the role of Robert Merton in criminology and Strain Theory.

Introduction Robert Merton stands as one of the most influential figures in the field of sociology and criminology. Known for his groundbreaking Strain Theory, Merton redefined the way scholars and policymakers understand the causes of deviant and criminal behavior. His work laid a foundational framework that continues to influence criminological research, public policy, and academic … Read more

Criminology and Sociology: Understanding Crime Through Social Perspectives

Conceptual graphic of criminology and sociology focusing on crime prevention and societal impact.

1. Introduction Criminology and sociology are two deeply interconnected fields that explore the nature, causes, and consequences of human behavior within social contexts. While criminology specifically focuses on crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system, sociology provides a broader understanding of human society and social structures. Together, criminology and sociology offer powerful tools for … Read more

Criminality as a Social Phenomenon

A conceptual digital artwork depicting criminality as a social phenomenon, showing an urban environment with figures representing law enforcement, justice, and social inequality.

Criminality has long been a central issue in societies across the world. While crime is often viewed as an individual act of deviance, it is increasingly understood as a social phenomenon. This perspective recognizes that crime is not merely the result of personal choices but is shaped by social structures, cultural norms, economic conditions, and … Read more