The relationship of criminology to other sciences and methods of studying crime
Introduction Penology is a specialized branch of criminology and criminal justice that examines the philosophy, methods, and effectiveness of punishment. It focuses on how societies penalize offenders and how they can be corrected, reformed, and reintegrated into society. The concept of penology bridges law and social science, highlighting the deep relationship between crime, justice, and … Read more
1. Introduction: A Shift in Understanding Criminal Behavior For decades, criminologists have sought to answer a fundamental question: Why do people commit crimes? Early explanations often focused on biological determinism or the idea that criminal behavior stems from innate traits or physical abnormalities. The Classical School, with figures like Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham, emphasized … Read more
Introduction To Conflict Theory Conflict Theory is one of the most influential perspectives in the field of criminology. Rooted in sociological thought, particularly the ideas of Karl Marx, Conflict Theory suggests that crime is a product of social and economic inequality. It argues that laws and justice systems are tools used by powerful groups to … Read more
Introduction to Labeling Theory Labeling Theory is one of the foundational perspectives in sociology and criminology that examines how the labels assigned to individuals—especially those engaged in deviant or criminal behavior—shape their identity and social interactions. This theory shifts focus from the deviant act itself to the reaction of society and how such responses influence … Read more
Studying crime is an essential aspect of criminology, particularly when we consider crime in its collective or social dimension. The behavior of individuals within a society and how that behavior contributes to crime patterns on a larger scale can tell us a great deal about both the state of the justice system and the broader … Read more
Understanding the connection between criminology and criminal policy is essential for analyzing how societies respond to crime and criminal behavior. Criminology, as a scientific discipline, studies the causes, patterns, and consequences of crime, while criminal policy focuses on developing strategies and legal frameworks to control and prevent crime. The synergy between the two fields forms … Read more
1. Introduction Criminology and sociology are two deeply interconnected fields that explore the nature, causes, and consequences of human behavior within social contexts. While criminology specifically focuses on crime, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system, sociology provides a broader understanding of human society and social structures. Together, criminology and sociology offer powerful tools for … Read more
Introduction Liability, in both civil and criminal contexts, plays a fundamental role in criminology and legal studies. Civil and criminal liability serve distinct functions within the legal system, addressing different types of wrongdoing and enforcing separate consequences. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the concepts, differences, applications, and implications of civil and criminal liability, … Read more
Introduction: What is White-Collar Crime? White-collar crime refers to non-violent crimes that are committed by individuals in positions of trust and authority, often in the corporate or professional world. Unlike street crime, which involves physical harm or property damage, white-collar crimes typically involve deceit, fraud, or breach of trust. These crimes are usually financially motivated … Read more
Introduction to Criminology as a Science Criminology, as a field of study, has evolved significantly over the centuries, transitioning from philosophical and moral discussions on crime to an empirical and systematic discipline rooted in the scientific method. The scientific nature of criminology is fundamental to its credibility, allowing researchers to analyze criminal behavior, patterns, and … Read more
